美國(guó)當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間4月9日上午，新東方創(chuàng)始人兼董事長(zhǎng)俞敏洪受邀在第十屆ASU GSV教育科技峰會(huì)主會(huì)場(chǎng)發(fā)表演講，演講主題為"What does Education Mean to Me？"，受到了與會(huì)者的關(guān)注。
"when we are talking about education, what are we talking about?"現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，俞敏洪從教育的定義出發(fā)，通過(guò)講述自己從少年到大學(xué)受教育的過(guò)程，以及在北大任教和創(chuàng)辦新東方的經(jīng)歷，闡釋了家庭教育、學(xué)校教育等不同階段的教育如何成就了今天的自己，自己又如何理解教育真正的目標(biāo)和意義。在他看來(lái)，好的教育的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是世界共通的。
在國(guó)內(nèi)，很多人對(duì)于俞敏洪的奮斗經(jīng)歷已經(jīng)耳熟能詳，而在國(guó)際的舞臺(tái)上，這些勵(lì)志故事依舊有著打動(dòng)人心的力量。當(dāng)他談到通過(guò)努力，自己第三次高考終于考上北京大學(xué)時(shí)，收獲了臺(tái)下最熱烈的掌聲。俞敏洪闡述的很多教育理念和思考，也引發(fā)了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀眾的共鳴。
此外，俞敏洪在演講中也總結(jié)了新東方在四個(gè)發(fā)展階段的不同使命，他認(rèn)為像新東方這樣的教育機(jī)構(gòu)，必須有為國(guó)家和社會(huì)服務(wù)的能力。當(dāng)下新東方發(fā)展的任務(wù)不僅是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生獨(dú)立思考的能力，良好的個(gè)性，扎實(shí)的知識(shí)和創(chuàng)造力。更重要的是賦予學(xué)生終身學(xué)習(xí)、全球視野、獨(dú)立人格和社會(huì)責(zé)任方面的能力，探索和開(kāi)展"全人教育"。而未來(lái)，新東方希望能夠成為中國(guó)和世界優(yōu)秀教育內(nèi)容、系統(tǒng)和學(xué)習(xí)平臺(tái)的集成者，提供從學(xué)前教育到終身教育的高科技產(chǎn)品，并不斷推動(dòng)中國(guó)教育的均衡發(fā)展。
演講最后，俞敏洪還提出了自己未來(lái)要關(guān)注和實(shí)現(xiàn)的四個(gè)目標(biāo)，一是為中國(guó)兒童的"全人教育"和全面發(fā)展做出貢獻(xiàn)；二是在家庭教育方面多做些工作；三是為科技與教育的結(jié)合做出貢獻(xiàn)；四是更多幫助農(nóng)村兒童獲得更好的教育。他透露，今年計(jì)劃到貧困地區(qū)的一所農(nóng)村高中擔(dān)任名譽(yù)校長(zhǎng)，將注入新東方最優(yōu)質(zhì)的教育資源，開(kāi)啟一段助力教育均衡的"試驗(yàn)"。
以下為經(jīng)整理后的俞敏洪英文演講全文，附中文翻譯。
Distinguished friends, Ladies and Gentlemen, Good morning.
尊敬的朋友們，女士們，先生們，早上好。
Today I come here to introduce a bit about New Oriental , a bit about me and a bit about education. I think most of you here are doing something for education. But education is the one of the most difficult things to define. If we say hospital is a place to cure people's disease, and medicine is for the goodness and health of the people. But when we are talking about education, what are we talking about? When we look for it in the dictionary, we'll find that the definition is very vague, "education is a process of being educated". And when we find what's "being educated", "being educated is a process of education". So what does that mean?
今天我來(lái)這里為大家介紹一下新東方，我自己，以及教育。我想在座的大多數(shù)人都在為教育做些事情。但教育是最難定義的事情之一。比如說(shuō)醫(yī)院是治療人們疾病的地方，藥品是對(duì)人們健康有益的東西。但是，當(dāng)我們談到教育時(shí)，我們?cè)谡務(wù)撌裁茨兀课覀冊(cè)谧值渲袑ふ宜暮x時(shí)，我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)它的定義非常模糊，"教育是一個(gè)受教育的過(guò)程"。當(dāng)我們查詢什么是"受教育"時(shí)，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)字典的解釋是"受教育就是一個(gè)教育的過(guò)程"。那么，教育的定義到底是什么？
So human being have made great progress. From Aristotle's time, He insisted that the earth is the center of the universe. And then, the Copernicus came into being, he said that he sun is the center of the universe. And then we came to the Natural law of Newton. And then we came to the theory of relativity by Einstein. So every step of the way we are making progress, we are understanding the world more and more. Coming back to us today is still full of ignorance and stupidity. We are not making much more progress in humanity as a human being. Sometimes, we still insist some wrong ideas in our mind. So what is all education about. Education has existed almost three thousand years. About more than two thousand years ago, we already have those wise people like Plato, like Aristotle, like Confucius, like Buddha, like Jesus, a lot so wise people in this world. But today we are still talking about education. We are still trying to understand what we can do for us, what we can do for our generations, how can we make the world a better place to live in, How can we at most understand each other but not killing each other. That is what we want to do.
我們知道，人類已經(jīng)取得了很大的進(jìn)步。從亞里士多德的時(shí)代起，他堅(jiān)持地球是宇宙的中心。然后，哥白尼誕生了，他說(shuō)太陽(yáng)是宇宙的中心。然后我們有了牛頓的自然定律。后來(lái)我們又有了愛(ài)因斯坦的相對(duì)論。因此，在我們前進(jìn)的每一步中，我們對(duì)世界的理解越來(lái)越多?；氐浇裉?，當(dāng)今的世界仍然充滿了無(wú)知和愚昧。有時(shí)候，我們的頭腦中仍然堅(jiān)持一些錯(cuò)誤的觀念，所以教育的內(nèi)涵到底是什么？教育已有近三千年的歷史。大約兩千多年前，我們已經(jīng)有了像柏拉圖、亞里士多德、孔子、佛陀、耶穌這樣的智者，在這個(gè)世界上有很多如此聰明的人。但今天我們?nèi)栽谟懻摻逃龁?wèn)題。我們?nèi)栽谂斫馕覀兡転槲覀冏约鹤鲂┦裁?，我們能為我們的后代做些什么，我們?cè)鯓硬拍茏屖澜缱兊酶篮?，我們?nèi)绾位ハ嗔私舛皇腔ハ鄠Α＿@就是我們想做的。
I want to take myself as an example. First and foremost, I want to talk about my mother. Everyone has a guide in his or her journey in education. In fact, my mother is a peasant. She cannot read. The immediate question one may ask is: since your mom is illiterate, how can she educate you? What I want to say is that, as a mom, she wants her children to become someone with a promising future. In order for her children to have a good future, she set goals for them. And, that's exactly what my mom did to me. Because in China, life as a peasant can be very hard. Generations after generations, peasants' toils in the fields with back-breaking hard labour. My mom didn't want me to live a peasant life, instead she wanted me to be a teacher. In her mind at the time, that means a teacher in a village. Since ancient times in China, there has been a tradition of respecting teachers. Teachers don't have to do farm work, and often people in the neighborhood give teachers food to eat. So, my mom always thought teachers were well respected. So, she wanted me to be a teacher when I grew up. When I was young, she asked me to read as much as I could, even though she was unable to read herself. From the age of four or five, I remembered she never bought me a toy, but palm-sized comic books -- that's how I started my own life in reading from the age of four or five.
讓我以我自己為例來(lái)談?wù)劷逃Ｊ紫?，我想談?wù)勎业哪赣H。每個(gè)人在他或她的教育之旅中都有一個(gè)向?qū)?。事?shí)上，我母親是個(gè)農(nóng)民。她不識(shí)字。人們可能會(huì)問(wèn)的最直接的問(wèn)題是：既然你媽媽是文盲，她怎么能教育你呢？我想說(shuō)的是，作為一個(gè)母親，她希望她的孩子成為一個(gè)有遠(yuǎn)大前程的人。為了讓她的孩子有一個(gè)美好的未來(lái)，她為他們?cè)O(shè)定了目標(biāo)。我母親就是這么對(duì)我的。因?yàn)樵谥袊?guó)，農(nóng)民的生活是非常艱苦的，過(guò)去一代又一代農(nóng)民在田間辛勤勞作，沒(méi)有其他出路。我母親不想讓我過(guò)農(nóng)民的生活，她想讓我當(dāng)一名教師。在她當(dāng)時(shí)的腦海里，這意味著一個(gè)村莊的老師。中國(guó)自古以來(lái)就有尊師的傳統(tǒng)。老師不需要做農(nóng)活，附近的人經(jīng)常給老師食物吃。所以，我母親一直認(rèn)為老師是受人尊敬的。她也想讓我長(zhǎng)大后當(dāng)一名老師。當(dāng)我年幼的時(shí)候，她讓我盡可能多地閱讀，盡管她自己不能閱讀。從四、五歲起，我就記得她從來(lái)沒(méi)有給我買過(guò)玩具，而是手掌大小的漫畫書--這就是我從四、五歲就開(kāi)始自己的閱讀生活的原因。
Luckily, I have a sister who is five years older than me. She was in Grade 2 or 3 when I was four or five years old. So, she could read the Chinese characters to me. In this way, I gradually learned a lot of Chinese characters. So, when I was in Grade two, I was able to read novels, including the Chinese classical masterpiece "Water Margin" and so on. From here, I started to enjoy studying. Throughout my life, although I'm not good at mathematics as no one in my family was able to teach me, my Chinese has been very good.
幸運(yùn)的是，我還有一個(gè)比我大五歲的姐姐。我四、五歲的時(shí)候，她在讀小學(xué)二、三年級(jí)。這樣，她就可以把漢字讀給我聽(tīng)了。通過(guò)這種方式，我逐漸學(xué)會(huì)了很多漢字。因此，當(dāng)我在二年級(jí)的時(shí)候，我能夠閱讀小說(shuō)，包括中國(guó)古典名著《水滸傳》等等。從這時(shí)開(kāi)始，我逐漸喜歡上了學(xué)習(xí)。在我的一生中，雖然我不擅長(zhǎng)數(shù)學(xué)，因?yàn)槲壹依餂](méi)有人能教我，但我的語(yǔ)文一直很好。
When I was in high school, I encountered some difficulties. However, my mom spared no effort in supporting me to get high school education. When I graduated from high school, China just started reform and opening up. This gave me an opportunity for university education through college entrance examination. I began to work hard to prepare for the exam. It has always been my father and mother's hope that I can leave the countryside and go to college. I studied really hard and took the college entrance examinations three times. I didn't succeed in the first year. Neither did I got it the second time. In the third year, I talked to my mother: mom, can you not let me do farm this year, I want to spend all my time studying. She agreed , and finally I got a very good score and entered the best university in China--Peking University. From here, I embarked on journey that taught me the true meaning for education. It also planted seeds for me to become an educator in the future.
當(dāng)我在高中的時(shí)候，我在升學(xué)問(wèn)題上遇到了一些困難.但是，我母親還是不遺余力地支持我接受高中教育。當(dāng)我高中畢業(yè)的時(shí)候，中國(guó)剛剛開(kāi)始改革開(kāi)放。這給了我一個(gè)通過(guò)高考接受大學(xué)教育的機(jī)會(huì)。我開(kāi)始努力準(zhǔn)備考試。我父母一直希望我能離開(kāi)農(nóng)村上大學(xué)。我非常努力地學(xué)習(xí)，參加了三次高考。第一年我沒(méi)有成功。第二年我又一次落榜。在第三年，我對(duì)母親說(shuō)：媽媽，你能不能讓我今年不要做農(nóng)活，我想把全部時(shí)間用在學(xué)習(xí)上。她同意了，最終我取得了非常好的成績(jī)，進(jìn)入了中國(guó)最好的大學(xué)-北京大學(xué)。從這里，我開(kāi)始了一段旅程，它教會(huì)了我教育的真正意義，也為我將來(lái)成為一名教育家播下了種子。
Of course, my parents have many other influences on me. The kindness, hospitality, helpfulness to others are all part of my personality which I learned from my parents. Their perseverance in the face of hardship had a major impact on me and I became a person that's kind, hospitable, and can well be tough in face of difficult times. I believe such qualities are more important than the education I received in school because they lay an important foundation for success.
當(dāng)然，我的父母對(duì)我還有很多其他方面的影響。我性格中的善良、好客、樂(lè)于助人，都是從父母那里學(xué)到的。他們?cè)谄D難困苦中的堅(jiān)忍不拔，對(duì)我產(chǎn)生了很大的影響，讓我在困難的時(shí)候也能堅(jiān)持下去。我相信這些品質(zhì)比我在學(xué)校接受的教育更重要，因?yàn)樗鼈優(yōu)槲业某晒Φ於酥匾幕A(chǔ)。
So come to the conclusions like this. Education is not somebody who is smarter than the one who is teaching you. Education is not the professor teaching you the knowledge that you already know. Education or educators can be somebody who's illiterate like my mother and my father, they cannot read or write, but they teach you something that you should go beyond yourself. Go beyond your mission of this world. Go beyond your limitation and go beyond your natural ability. And you will get new talents, because of education you can help others. They try to push you, so let you have your potential to be released. And you will become more understanding about this world. And become open-minded to let yourself go out of your way to challenge yourself. And you will become more tolerant to go walk far away from ignorance.
所以可以得出這樣的結(jié)論。教育不是比教你的人更聰明。教育不是教授教你已經(jīng)知道的知識(shí)。教育或教育工作者可以是像我的父母一樣的文盲，他們不會(huì)讀或?qū)?，但他們教給你去超越自己，超越你在這個(gè)世界上的使命，超越你的極限，超越你的天賦。你將獲得新的才能，教育可以讓你幫助別人。他們?cè)噲D推動(dòng)你，讓你的潛力得到釋放。你將會(huì)對(duì)這個(gè)世界有更多的了解，并且變得開(kāi)放，讓你努力地去挑戰(zhàn)你自己。你會(huì)變得更加寬容，遠(yuǎn)離無(wú)知。
Studying at Peking University is a turning point for me. I'm very fortunate that I entered the best university in China, Peking University. I have learned a lot during the five years studying there. First, I read more books because there were 7 million books in the library at Peking University. Now, the number of books should be over 10 million. More importantly, I met a large number of friends at Peking University, including my classmates and my teachers. They taught me not only academic knowledge or subjects, but how to think independently and pursue spiritual freedom. Everyone knows that spiritual freedom and independent thinking are the source of all learning, and the source of thinking through one's own life in multiple dimensions.
在北京大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)人生轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)。我很幸運(yùn)進(jìn)入了中國(guó)最好的大學(xué)。在那里學(xué)習(xí)的五年里，我學(xué)到了很多東西。首先，我讀了更多的書，因?yàn)楸本┐髮W(xué)圖書館里有700萬(wàn)本書。現(xiàn)在，書的數(shù)量應(yīng)該超過(guò)一千萬(wàn)本。更重要的是，我在北京大學(xué)遇到了很多朋友，包括我的同學(xué)和老師。他們不僅教會(huì)了我學(xué)術(shù)知識(shí)，還教會(huì)了我如何獨(dú)立思考和追求精神自由。每個(gè)人都知道，精神上的自由和獨(dú)立的思考是所有學(xué)習(xí)的源泉，也是一個(gè)人在多個(gè)維度上反思自己生活的源泉。
So within one time in Peking University, I really learned what is called independent thinking, what is called independent personality, what is called a free mind and a free spirit. So this becomes a new me. It was before that I always think education where you get from university is that you just study your major. If you're studying English literature, then you just study English literature. If you study mathematics, you study mathematics. But later, I think education it's far beyond that. It's far beyond a major, far beyond examinations, and far beyond what the teacher's talking to you. It's all about how you come back to yourself and how you can really become enlightened about this world. And how you can create your own thinking and discussion about this world. So that's one Peking University gives me. So except the academic knowledge is identified in university. I did several things in the University.
所以在北京大學(xué)的一段時(shí)間里，我真正學(xué)會(huì)了所謂的獨(dú)立思考，所謂的獨(dú)立人格，以及自由的心靈和自由的精神。我變成了一個(gè)全新的我。在那之前，我一直認(rèn)為你從大學(xué)獲得的教育就是學(xué)習(xí)你的專業(yè)。如果你的專業(yè)是英語(yǔ)，那你就只學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。如果你的專業(yè)是數(shù)學(xué)，那你就學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)。但后來(lái)，我認(rèn)為教育遠(yuǎn)不止于此。它遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了專業(yè)范圍，超出了考試，也遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了老師教授你的東西。教育是關(guān)于你如何回歸自己，如何獲得關(guān)于世界的真正啟蒙，以及如何形成自己對(duì)這個(gè)世界的思考和觀點(diǎn)。這是北京大學(xué)給我的。所以，除了在大學(xué)里獲得的學(xué)術(shù)知識(shí)，我在大學(xué)里還做了幾件事。
Broadly speaking, I achieved three things at Peking University. First, my knowledge base has been enriched and strengthened greatly. In addition to reading academic books of my subjects, I have read hundreds of books on various topics. Second, I made friends with a group of people with truly independent thinking and characters. Through these friends, I learned how to think about my own life independently and how to pursue my spiritual freedom. Many friends not only became friends for a lifetime, but also played a major role in my later career in running New Oriental. Some of them have also become my partners in New Oriental. Third, because my major was English, after two years of study, I gradually had the ability to read English originals. It greatly reduced many obstacles for me to explore the outside world. Interestingly, as a result, we were able to see a bigger world relatively earlier than my peers at the time in the university. I learned to appreciate that any problem can be viewed from multiple perspectives. It also helped me form a habit of thinking in multiple dimensions.
總結(jié)一下，我在北京大學(xué)完成了三件事。首先，我的知識(shí)基礎(chǔ)得到了極大的豐富和加強(qiáng)。除了閱讀本專業(yè)的學(xué)術(shù)性書籍，我還讀過(guò)數(shù)百本關(guān)于不同主題的書。第二，我和一群真正獨(dú)立思考并性格各異的人交上了朋友。通過(guò)這些朋友，我學(xué)會(huì)了如何獨(dú)立思考自己的生活，以及如何追求精神自由。這些人不僅是我終生的朋友，還在我后來(lái)經(jīng)營(yíng)新東方的事業(yè)中發(fā)揮了重要作用。他們中的一些人也成為了我在新東方的合伙人。第三，因?yàn)槲业膶I(yè)是英語(yǔ)，經(jīng)過(guò)兩年的學(xué)習(xí)，我逐漸有了閱讀英文原著的能力。它極大地減少了我探索外面世界的障礙。結(jié)果就是我們英文專業(yè)的學(xué)生能夠比其他同學(xué)更早地看到一個(gè)更大的世界。這段經(jīng)歷讓我理解了任何問(wèn)題都可以從多個(gè)角度來(lái)看待。它還幫助我養(yǎng)成了多維度思考的習(xí)慣。
In short, entering such a good university is undoubtedly a turning point in my life. It's also a privilege. The most important thing is to be able to learn from friends that are better than me one way or another, because if you follow someone who is better than you, sooner or later, you become even better.
總之，進(jìn)入這樣一所好大學(xué)無(wú)疑是我人生中的一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)，也是一種特權(quán)。最重要的是能夠從那些比我更優(yōu)秀的朋友那里學(xué)習(xí)，如果你追隨一個(gè)比你更好的人，你遲早會(huì)變得更好。
I remember that Warren Buffett once said, it's better to hang out with people better than you. Pick out associates whose behaviour is better than yours and you'll drift in that direction. There is no doubt that I was actually following that in Peking University. This is not a deliberate choice, but an opportunity given to me by such an environment. Of course, in a certain sense, it is also the result of my personal pursuit.
我記得沃倫·巴菲特曾經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)，與比你更優(yōu)秀的人交往。挑選出那些比你優(yōu)秀的伙伴，你就會(huì)朝那個(gè)方向發(fā)展。毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，我在北京大學(xué)就是這樣做的。這不是一個(gè)深思熟慮的選擇，而是這樣一個(gè)環(huán)境給我的一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)。當(dāng)然，從某種意義上講，這也是我個(gè)人追求的結(jié)果。
After my graduation, I remained in Peking University, working as an English teacher. Actually, I wasn't a teacher in the true sense. I was a teaching assistant. I taught English classes to first-year university students, because at the time China required every university student to study English. Students were also required to pass college English test levelled at band 4 and 6. They can't graduate if they fail the exams. So, some graduates of English major remained on campus and became an English teacher. Although this was only an unintentional act of teaching students English, it allowed me to stay at Peking University and I continued to gain more knowledge. The experience gave me two benefits. Firstly, teaching hours were only eight hours a week, leaving me with plenty of time to go to the library to study. Secondly, as a teaching assistant at Peking University, it gave me the access to reach out to many famous professors, communicating with them and asking questions. I learned a lot from these professors.
畢業(yè)后，我留在北京大學(xué)當(dāng)英語(yǔ)老師。實(shí)際上，我不是真正意義上的老師，而是個(gè)助教。我教大學(xué)一年級(jí)的學(xué)生英語(yǔ)課，當(dāng)時(shí)中國(guó)要求每個(gè)大學(xué)生都要學(xué)英語(yǔ)。學(xué)生還必須通過(guò)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)和六級(jí)考試。如果考試不及格，他們就不能畢業(yè)。于是，一些英語(yǔ)專業(yè)的畢業(yè)生留在了校園，成為了一名英語(yǔ)教師。雖然教學(xué)生英語(yǔ)只是一個(gè)無(wú)意的行為，但是它讓我留在北京大學(xué)，繼續(xù)獲得更多的知識(shí)。這段經(jīng)歷給了我兩個(gè)好處。首先，每周只有八個(gè)小時(shí)的教學(xué)時(shí)間，讓我有足夠的時(shí)間去圖書館學(xué)習(xí)。其次，作為北京大學(xué)的一名助教，它讓我有機(jī)會(huì)接觸到許多著名的教授，與他們交流并提出問(wèn)題。我從這些教授那里學(xué)到了很多。
I had a very good time at Peking University for six years working as a teacher. There was a beautiful campus for me to take a walk, famous professors for me to look for advice and excellent students to communicate with. It was also a very good stepping stone in my personal development. I read a lot of books in six years, and the bookshelves in my small house in Beijing were full of thousands of books.
我在北京大學(xué)當(dāng)了六年的教師，度過(guò)了一段非常愉快的時(shí)光。我在美麗的校園中散步，向著名的教授討教，和優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生交流。這也是我個(gè)人發(fā)展的一個(gè)很好的墊腳石。在六年的時(shí)間里，我讀了很多書，在北京小房子的書架上，擺滿了成千上萬(wàn)本書。
Later on, students around me and my university classmates started to go abroad to study in the United States. With more and more went abroad to study, I also had the idea to so. I passed the TOEFL and GRE exams and applied for American universities. Unfortunately, none of the universities offered me scholarships. At that time, as a poor teacher, I was unable to afford to study abroad. So, I started to teach as a tutor in a training institution to earn some money in the hope that I have the funds to study in the US. By doing so, I saw a different world outside the ivory tower and found out the training industry in China was very prosperous. I also realised that a large number of teachers were not effective in teaching students. I already gained rich experience in teaching, so I decided to open my own classes. However, Peking University was unhappy about what I was doing in running these classes. I was then punished by the University for tutoring outside. The punishment led me to resign. Because if you were not appreciated in our work, it's better for you to move on. I made up my mind already that if I left Peking University, I would run a training school to use my teaching skills to coach more students, helping them get high scores so that they can pursue a better future. Looking back, the punishment at Peking University planted a seed for my future success.
后來(lái)，我周圍的學(xué)生和我的大學(xué)同學(xué)開(kāi)始出國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)。隨著越來(lái)越多的人留學(xué)美國(guó)，我也有了這樣的想法。我通過(guò)了托福和GRE考試，申請(qǐng)了美國(guó)大學(xué)。不幸的是，沒(méi)有一所大學(xué)給我提供獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。那時(shí)候，作為一個(gè)窮老師，我負(fù)擔(dān)不起出國(guó)留學(xué)的費(fèi)用。于是，我開(kāi)始在一家培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)當(dāng)家教，掙些錢，希望能有錢到美國(guó)去學(xué)習(xí)。通過(guò)這些經(jīng)歷，我看到了一個(gè)象牙塔以外的不同世界，并發(fā)現(xiàn)中國(guó)的培訓(xùn)行業(yè)是非常繁榮的。我也意識(shí)到很多老師在教學(xué)上并不是很有效率。此時(shí)我已經(jīng)獲得了豐富的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，所以我決定開(kāi)辦自己的培訓(xùn)課程。然而，北京大學(xué)對(duì)我在開(kāi)辦這些課程感到不滿。我因?yàn)樵谕饷孀黾医潭艿搅藢W(xué)校的懲罰，這也直接導(dǎo)致了我的辭職。因?yàn)樵谖铱磥?lái)如果一個(gè)人在工作中得不到賞識(shí)，那么他最好另謀高就。我在那個(gè)時(shí)候就下定決心，如果我離開(kāi)北京大學(xué)，我將開(kāi)辦一所培訓(xùn)學(xué)校，用我的教學(xué)技能來(lái)指導(dǎo)更多的學(xué)生，幫助他們獲得高分，以便他們能夠追求更美好的未來(lái)?；仡欉^(guò)往，北京大學(xué)的懲罰也為我未來(lái)的成功埋下了種子。
Leaving the University, I broke away from the path of a teacher who potentially would work my way to professor. I turned myself into an entrepreneur of a training institution. To be precise, I shouldn't call myself an entrepreneur, but self-employed. This a term that carried a negative shade of meaning at the time in China, referring to someone who gave up iron rice bowl and came out of the system to make money.
離開(kāi)北京大學(xué)斷送了我成為一名大學(xué)老師甚至大學(xué)教授的道路。我變成了一家培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)的企業(yè)家。準(zhǔn)確地說(shuō)，我不應(yīng)該稱自己為企業(yè)家，而應(yīng)該稱自己為個(gè)體戶。在當(dāng)時(shí)的中國(guó)，這個(gè)詞帶有負(fù)面的含義，指的是放棄鐵飯碗，從制度中出來(lái)賺錢的人。
It is precisely because of the experience teaching at Peking University that gave me a deeply understanding of the huge influence a teacher has on students. For example, if the teacher has been passive and with negative energy , he or she will pass on the negativity to the students. If the teacher is positive, wise, and possess the capability to guide students, he or she will have a major impact on the students'future.
正是我在北京大學(xué)教書的經(jīng)歷，讓我深刻理解了老師對(duì)學(xué)生的巨大影響。例如，如果老師一直是被動(dòng)消極的，帶著負(fù)能量，他或她將把消極的東西傳遞給學(xué)生。如果教師是積極的，明智的，并具有引導(dǎo)學(xué)生的能力，他或她將對(duì)學(xué)生的未來(lái)產(chǎn)生重大影響。
I have been a teacher for many years and have great respect for the profession. At New Oriental, we have nearly 35,000 teachers. I have always asked each and every teacher in New Oriental to bring positive and good influences on students. I have been thinking hard on the question, "What are the most important things as a teacher?" I would argue a good teacher has the following five characteristics:
我當(dāng)了多年的教師，非常尊重這個(gè)職業(yè)。在新東方，我們有將近35,000名教師。我一直要求新東方的每一位老師都能給學(xué)生帶來(lái)積極和良好的影響。我一直在認(rèn)真思考這樣一個(gè)問(wèn)題："作為一名教師，最重要的事情是什么？"我認(rèn)為一個(gè)好老師有以下五個(gè)特點(diǎn)：
First, good teachers should inspire students with the enthusiasm to pursuit knowledge and truth. I believe teachers should teach students knowledge and truths, not just to help them pass exams, nor just for the students to remember some knowledge points in order to get into the university. From primary, to secondary and higher education, I think the most important thing for teacher is to instil students with a passion to pursuit knowledge and truths.
首先，好的教師應(yīng)該激發(fā)學(xué)生追求知識(shí)和真理的熱情。我相信老師應(yīng)該教給學(xué)生知識(shí)和真理，而不僅僅是為了幫助他們通過(guò)考試，也不是為了讓學(xué)生記住一些知識(shí)點(diǎn)才能進(jìn)入大學(xué)。從小學(xué)到中學(xué)，再到高等教育，我認(rèn)為教師最重要的是向?qū)W生灌輸一種追求知識(shí)和真理的熱情。
Second, good teachers should be able to teach and discuss knowledge in a positive language that stimulates students to think. If the teacher is indifferent to the teaching content, students are unlikely to participate actively. Knowledge can be more meaningful only when you teach in a way projecting positive happiness and the ability to stimulate thinking.
其次，好的教師應(yīng)該能夠用一種積極的語(yǔ)言來(lái)教授和討論知識(shí)，從而激發(fā)學(xué)生的思考能力。如果教師對(duì)教學(xué)內(nèi)容漠不關(guān)心，學(xué)生就不可能積極參與。只有當(dāng)你以一種投射積極的快樂(lè)和激發(fā)思考的能力的方式進(jìn)行教學(xué)時(shí)，知識(shí)才會(huì)更有意義。
Third, a good teacher pays attention to the all-round development of students. Many teachers are one dimensional in practice, only looking at whether students have solved questions in the classroom, whether students have learned the knowledge points, performed well in exam, or written good essays. I believe in addition to these, it's more important for teachers to care about the development of students' personality, their well-being and morality. They should set examples to students in addition to provide them with advice. I also believe that teaching of knowledge must be based on wisdom. Teaching of knowledge is not to remember the knowledge points, but to internalize knowledge into part of students' own pursuit of life and career.
第三，一個(gè)好的教師要注重學(xué)生的全面發(fā)展。許多教師在實(shí)踐中是單向度的，只看學(xué)生是否在課堂上解決了問(wèn)題，學(xué)生是否學(xué)到了知識(shí)點(diǎn)，考試成績(jī)?nèi)绾?，或者文章寫得好不好。我相信，除了這些，更重要的是關(guān)心學(xué)生的個(gè)性發(fā)展，他們的福祉和道德。除了向?qū)W生提供建議外，他們還應(yīng)為學(xué)生樹(shù)立榜樣。我也相信知識(shí)的傳授必須以智慧為基礎(chǔ)。知識(shí)教學(xué)不是要記住知識(shí)點(diǎn)，而是要把知識(shí)內(nèi)化到學(xué)生對(duì)生活和事業(yè)的追求中去。
Fourth, good teachers should encourage students to chase their dreams and future. A good teacher must always help students look into the future. Teachers should cultivate students the spirit to do their best to pursuit their dreams in the face of difficulties, encourage them do not give up, empower them with perseverance and resilience. Because, when we look into the beautiful things in the future, the sufferings and difficulties in front of our eyes no longer make us desperate. They become something that can be used to hone one's will and pushes you to work harder!
第四，好的老師應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生追求自己的夢(mèng)想和未來(lái)。一位好老師必須總是幫助學(xué)生展望未來(lái)。教師應(yīng)該培養(yǎng)學(xué)生在困難面前盡最大努力追求夢(mèng)想的精神，鼓勵(lì)他們不要放棄，賦予他們毅力和韌性。因?yàn)?，?dāng)我們展望未來(lái)美好的事物時(shí)，眼前的痛苦和困難不再讓我們絕望。他們成為可以用來(lái)磨練一個(gè)人的意志和推動(dòng)你更努力工作的東西！
Fifth, a good teacher should also be an expert in family education. Teachers should be able to fully communicate with parents. Teachers can greatly facilitate a child's growth in the right direction if they are on the same wavelengths with parents in a child's education. I always believe that qualified parents raise qualified children. That is to say, in addition to the influence a teacher has on the child, it is necessary for them to have influence on the child's family. The cooperation between the family and the school is essential for the good education of the children.
第五，好的教師也應(yīng)該是家庭教育的專家。教師應(yīng)該能夠與家長(zhǎng)充分溝通。教師可以極大地促進(jìn)兒童在正確的方向上成長(zhǎng)，如果他們?cè)诤⒆拥慕逃信c父母處于相同的波長(zhǎng)上。我一直相信合格的父母會(huì)培養(yǎng)出合格的孩子。這就是說(shuō)，除了教師對(duì)孩子的影響之外，他們還必須對(duì)孩子的家庭產(chǎn)生影響。家庭和學(xué)校之間的合作對(duì)于兒童的良好教育是必不可少的。
The above five points are a summary of my teaching experience through being a teacher at Peking University and New Oriental in more than 20 years. Now, I will talk about New Oriental.
以上五點(diǎn)是我20多年來(lái)在北京大學(xué)和新東方任教經(jīng)驗(yàn)的總結(jié)?，F(xiàn)在，我想談?wù)勑聳|方。
New Oriental started with a small English training class with only 13 students. After 26 years of hard work, New Oriental has become a comprehensive education system that covers the educational needs between the ages of 0 and 30. Our business includes kindergarten, primary and secondary after-school tutoring, overseas and domestic exam preparations, overseas study counselling, quality education, STEAM education, book publishing, online education and other businesses. We achieved in building such a system step by step. We also have a goal to connect all the business systems and create a platform for children to learn for life with New Oriental. We also aim to make New Oriental a content provider and platform for lifelong learning.
新東方從一個(gè)只有13名學(xué)生的小型英語(yǔ)培訓(xùn)班開(kāi)始。經(jīng)過(guò)26年的努力，新東方已成為一個(gè)涵蓋0-30歲教育需求的綜合性教育體系。我們的業(yè)務(wù)包括幼兒園、中小學(xué)課后輔導(dǎo)、國(guó)內(nèi)外考試備考、留學(xué)輔導(dǎo)、素質(zhì)教育、STEAM教育、圖書出版、線上教育等等。我們?cè)谥鸩浇⑦@樣一個(gè)綜合性的體系。我們的目標(biāo)是將所有的業(yè)務(wù)系統(tǒng)連接起來(lái)，為孩子們創(chuàng)造一個(gè)終身學(xué)習(xí)的平臺(tái)。我們致力于使新東方成為終身學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容提供商和平臺(tái)。
In the course of our development, New Oriental has experienced four stages in its missions. Our first mission is to be a bridge for students to study abroad and a rainbow for the returnees to start their businesses in China. New Oriental started with overseas test preparations which helped many Chinese students to study in the US, the UK, and so on. We help them to return to China to work after graduation. Of course, many Chinese students actually stayed in the United States after graduation, but more and more are returning to China. Later, New Oriental broadened its services in providing a full range of English language learning and we had a second mission in making New Oriental "the place where Chinese learn English". New Oriental continued its journey and entered training in many other disciplines, including Mathematics, Chinese, Physics, Chemistry, etc. New Oriental is no longer a place to learn English, and our mission becomes "Come to New Oriental for Your Dream". Of course, it's a bit vague and broad, so we have the fourth stage in our mission. We hope that through our efforts, we can cultivate a generation of Chinese that possess the ability and quality of "lifelong learning, global vision, independent personality, and social responsibility". As you may see, we are actually gradually entering the core of education because we believe that education should be "whole-person education". The so-called "holistic education" is not only about knowledge, but make student a better human being that can better serve the society. I think the four aspects are quite important, that is "lifelong learning, global vision, independent personality, and social responsibility". The mission is our responsibility to students and we have a long way to go.
在我們的發(fā)展過(guò)程中，新東方的使命經(jīng)歷了四個(gè)階段的變化。我們的第一個(gè)使命是成為學(xué)生出國(guó)留學(xué)的橋梁，歸國(guó)就業(yè)的彩虹。新東方從留學(xué)備考開(kāi)始，幫助了許多中國(guó)學(xué)生到美國(guó)、英國(guó)等地學(xué)習(xí)。我們也幫助他們畢業(yè)后回到中國(guó)工作。當(dāng)然，很多中國(guó)學(xué)生畢業(yè)后都留在了美國(guó)，但是越來(lái)越多的人回到了中國(guó)。后來(lái)，新東方拓展了提供全方位英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的服務(wù)，我們的第二個(gè)使命就是使新東方成為"中國(guó)人學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的地方"。之后，新東方繼續(xù)強(qiáng)化英語(yǔ)培訓(xùn)的優(yōu)勢(shì)，并進(jìn)入許多其他學(xué)科的培訓(xùn)，包括數(shù)學(xué)、語(yǔ)文、物理、化學(xué)等。新東方不再是一個(gè)單純學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的地方，我們的使命變成了"為夢(mèng)想而來(lái)新東方"。當(dāng)然，它有點(diǎn)模糊和寬泛，所以我們有了第四個(gè)使命。我們希望通過(guò)我們的努力，培養(yǎng)出一代具有"終身學(xué)習(xí)、全球視野、獨(dú)立人格、社會(huì)責(zé)任"的中國(guó)人。大家可以看到，我們其實(shí)是逐漸進(jìn)入教育的核心，因?yàn)槲覀兿嘈沤逃龖?yīng)該是"全人教育"。所謂"全人教育"，不只是知識(shí)教育，而是讓學(xué)生成為更好的人，更好地為社會(huì)服務(wù)。我認(rèn)為這四個(gè)方面是相當(dāng)重要的，即"終身學(xué)習(xí)、全球視野、獨(dú)立人格、社會(huì)責(zé)任"。這一使命是我們對(duì)學(xué)生的責(zé)任，我們?nèi)沃氐肋h(yuǎn)。
New Oriental has done a lot. Yet, in terms of our goals, we have just begun. What we have done to the students in China is far from enough. The emergence of new technologies, whether Internet, artificial intelligence, big data, has had a major impact on all industries. In the field of education, it will have a more significant impact. Today, what New Oriental has to do is not only teach students knowledge or provide teachers with tools and contents, but to combine that with mobile internet, AI and big data. New Oriental has set up a research institute for AI education to experiment the combination of cutting-edge technologies and education. We are working hard to come up with products to enable students to learn more effectively and intelligently. At the same time, New Oriental is also actively working with public schools, promoting a smart and intelligent education system for public schools. Such kind of system has been developed for several years and can improve the overall learning efficiency for students in public schools, providing them with solutions.
新東方做了很多事。然而，就我們的目標(biāo)而言，我們才剛剛開(kāi)始。我們對(duì)中國(guó)學(xué)生所做的遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠。新技術(shù)的出現(xiàn)，無(wú)論是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、人工智能、大數(shù)據(jù)，都對(duì)所有行業(yè)產(chǎn)生了重大影響。在教育領(lǐng)域，它將產(chǎn)生更重大的影響。如今，新東方所要做的不只是教給學(xué)生知識(shí)或?yàn)榻處熖峁┕ぞ吆蛢?nèi)容，而是將其與移動(dòng)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、人工智能和大數(shù)據(jù)相結(jié)合。新東方成立了研究人工智能 教育的AI研究院，嘗試尖端技術(shù)與教育的結(jié)合。我們正在努力開(kāi)發(fā)產(chǎn)品，使學(xué)生能夠更有效、更聰明地學(xué)習(xí)。同時(shí)，新東方也正積極與公立學(xué)校合作，為公立學(xué)校推廣一套高效、智能的教育系統(tǒng)。這樣的系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)開(kāi)發(fā)了幾年，可以提高公立學(xué)校學(xué)生的整體學(xué)習(xí)效率，為他們提供完整的解決方案。
China also faces the challenge in education equality and balance. China has invested huge amount of money in education in 40 years of reform and opening up. The investment is dozens of times more than it's used to be. However, we still face the problem of education imbalances. Children in rural and mountainous areas are unable to receive good quality of education as children in the urban areas. With the development of technology, such as remote learning, dual teacher, we can do a lot of things in improving education equality in China. I believe the real development of China's future must be the development of education equality through technology, so that children in every corner can receive the best quality education in China, so that every child has the hope to have the opportunity to enter the best universities in the world.
中國(guó)也面臨著教育公平與均衡的挑戰(zhàn)。改革開(kāi)放40年來(lái)，中國(guó)在教育方面投入了大量的資金。這項(xiàng)投資比以前多了幾十倍。但是，我們?nèi)匀幻媾R著教育不均衡的問(wèn)題。農(nóng)村和山區(qū)的兒童無(wú)法像城市兒童那樣接受高質(zhì)量的教育。隨著遠(yuǎn)程教育、雙師課堂等技術(shù)的發(fā)展，我們可以做很多事情來(lái)提高我國(guó)的教育均衡水平。我相信中國(guó)未來(lái)的真正發(fā)展，必須是透過(guò)科技推動(dòng)教育平等，使每一個(gè)角落的兒童都能接受中國(guó)最好的優(yōu)質(zhì)教育，讓每一個(gè)兒童都有機(jī)會(huì)進(jìn)入世界一流的大學(xué)。
For an educational institution like New Oriental, I believe we must have the ability to serve the country and the society. We should educate students with independent thinking, good personality, sound knowledge and creativity. More importantly, we need to empower students with skills in lifelong learning, global vision, independent personality, and social responsibility. This is our mission today. As for the future of New Oriental, we hope to become an integrator and provider of excellent educational content, system and learning platform in China and the world. We hope that New Oriental becomes a lifelong learning service provider, providing high-tech and products from pre-school to lifelong education. We will also try to explore the combination of technology and education with human instructions. More importantly, we will devote ourselves to promote education equality in China, providing high-quality education services to children in rural areas in China, opening a bright path for their future.
作為一個(gè)像新東方這樣的教育機(jī)構(gòu)，我認(rèn)為我們必須有為國(guó)家和社會(huì)服務(wù)的能力。我們應(yīng)該培養(yǎng)學(xué)生獨(dú)立思考的能力，良好的個(gè)性，扎實(shí)的知識(shí)和創(chuàng)造力。更重要的是，我們需要賦予學(xué)生終身學(xué)習(xí)、全球視野、獨(dú)立人格和社會(huì)責(zé)任方面的技能。這是我們今天的任務(wù)。對(duì)于新東方的未來(lái)，我們希望成為中國(guó)和世界優(yōu)秀教育內(nèi)容、系統(tǒng)和學(xué)習(xí)平臺(tái)的集成商和提供者。我們希望新東方成為終身學(xué)習(xí)的服務(wù)商，提供從學(xué)前教育到終身教育的高科技產(chǎn)品。我們還將努力探索技術(shù)和教育與人文教育的結(jié)合。更重要的是，我們將致力于促進(jìn)中國(guó)的教育均衡，為中國(guó)農(nóng)村兒童提供高質(zhì)量的教育服務(wù)，為他們的未來(lái)開(kāi)辟一條光明的道路。
Finally, I would like to say a few things about my personal goals.
最后，我想談?wù)勎业膫€(gè)人目標(biāo)。
First, I hope to contribute to the "whole-person education" of Chinese children and their overall development. Second, I hope to do more in family education. New Oriental has been working in this area for more than a decade and I still feel there's more to do. Third, I hope to contribute to the combination of technology and education. Fourth, I hope to do more to help children in rural areas to get better education. For example, this year I plan to return to a rural high school in a poverty stricken area to work as an honorary principal. I want to make efforts to bring some high-quality resources to such schools so that children in rural areas who may have no hope for high quality education will in one day enter a prestigious university in China or other countries.
首先，我希望為中國(guó)兒童的"全人教育"和他們的全面發(fā)展做出貢獻(xiàn)。第二，我希望在家庭教育方面多做些工作。新東方在這方面已經(jīng)工作了十多年，我仍然覺(jué)得還有更多的工作要做。第三，我希望為科技與教育的結(jié)合做出貢獻(xiàn)。第四，我希望做更多的工作，幫助農(nóng)村兒童獲得更好的教育。例如，今年我打算到貧困地區(qū)的一所農(nóng)村高中擔(dān)任名譽(yù)校長(zhǎng)。我希望努力為這些學(xué)校帶來(lái)一些高質(zhì)量的資源，幫助那些對(duì)高質(zhì)量教育毫無(wú)希望的農(nóng)村兒童有朝一日能夠進(jìn)入中國(guó)或其他國(guó)家的名牌大學(xué)。
For us, when we come into this world, in addition to satisfying ourselves with food and clothing, in addition to caring for our own family members, we always aspire to do something good for human development and social progress. That's exactly what New Oriental is doing. And, that's exactly what I'm doing. We also look forward to working together with other educational institutions and colleagues from the rest of the world to create a better education for the world. We often say that the economy is for today, politics is for tomorrow, but only education is for the future of mankind.
對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)，當(dāng)我們來(lái)到這個(gè)世界上，除了滿足自己的衣食需求，除了照顧我們自己的家庭成員，我們總是渴望做一些有益于人類發(fā)展和社會(huì)進(jìn)步的事情。新東方就是這么做的，我也是這么做的。我們也期待著與其他教育機(jī)構(gòu)和來(lái)自世界其他地方的伙伴合作，為世界創(chuàng)造更好的教育。我們常說(shuō)，經(jīng)濟(jì)是為了今天，政治是為了明天，但只有教育才是為了人類的未來(lái)。
Now New Oriental has a slogan "A Better You, A Bigger World! " Let's become a better you, and then we can leave our children to go to a bigger, brighter world.
現(xiàn)在新東方有一個(gè)口號(hào)是"A Better You, A Bigger World!" 讓我們成為一個(gè)更好的自己，幫助我們的孩子走向一個(gè)更大、更光明的世界。
Thank you!
謝謝大家！
